A novel rabbit monoclonal antibody arginase-1 is highly specific and highly sensitive in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Research Paper
A novel rabbit monoclonal antibody arginase-1 is highly specific and highly sensitive in hepatocellular carcinoma
David E. Tacha1, Charlie Yu1, Ding Zhou1, Thomas Haas2

1Biocare Medical, Concord, CA, USA, 2Mercy Hospital Medical, Janesville, WI, USA

Identification of a sensitive diagnostic marker to differentiate primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from metastatic cancers to the liver is of immense clinical significance in the management of HCC. Diagnostic markers such as alpha-fetoprotein, HepPar1, and glypican-3 have been available, but can suffer from poor specificity or lack of sensitivity. A rabbit polyclonal arginase-1 (ARG-1) has been identified as a sensitive and specific marker for HCC. Recently, a new rabbit monoclonal ARG-1 has also been developed; however it has not been tested directly against the referenced rabbit polyclonal ARG-2. Hepatocellular carcinoma and various normal and neoplastic tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for specificity and sensitivity using rabbit monoclonal ARG-1. Additionally, a comparison study with the rabbit polyclonal and rabbit monoclonal ARG-1 was evaluated in normal tissues and in HCC. The result showed both ARG-1 antibodies stained normal kidney, liver,andpancreas. All othernormal tissueswerenegative. InHCC, therabbitmonoclonalARG-1 stained 82%(160/195) and rabbit the polyclonal ARG-1 stained 81% (157/195). The rabbit monoclonal ARG-1 was negative in all other cancers (n 5 704), except in 3/64 prostate adenocarcinoma and in 1/12 cholangiocarcinomas. In conclusion, the rabbit monoclonal ARG-1 was a highly sensitive and specific marker for HCC. Rabbit monoclonal ARG-1 represents new potential marker for the differential diagnosis of primary HCC versus tumors of unknown origin; and its monoclonal properties offer reproducibility and eliminates batch to batch variation found in polyclonal antibodies.

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