Biozatix News – Informasi Popular Sains Teknologi dan Kesehatan
Background
The ZytoLight ® Chromosome Enumeration Probes are designed for identification and enumeration of human chromosomes in interphase cells and as an adjunct to standard karyotyping in metaphases. These probes will produce sharp, bright signals specific for each individual chromosome.
Probe Description
For most chromosomes, direct labeled ZytoLight ® CEN TM Probes hybridizing to highly repetitive human satellite DNA sequences
mainly located at the centromeric regions of chromosomes are applicable. As several chromosomes share the same repetitive sequences resulting in cross-hybridization signals, they cannot be differentiated by centromere specific probes. Instead, these chromosomes can be identified by direct labeled ZytoLight ® SPEC TM Probes hybridizing in close proximity to the respective satellite DNA sequences or to other chromosome specific loci.
The ZytoLight ® SPEC 1p12 Probe is designed to hybridize in close proximity of centromere 1 at 1p12 harboring WARS2, and HAO2. Since chromosomes 1, 5, and 19 share the same repetitive sequences, they cannot be differentiated by probes detecting centromere specific repeats.
The ZytoLight ® SPEC 2q11 Probe is specific for the AFF3 (AF4/FMR2 family, member 3) gene region in 2q11.2. Due to cross-hybridizations of chromosome 2 alpha satellites to other centromeric regions, probes specific for 2q11 are frequently used for chromosome 2 copy number detection.
The ZytoLight ® SPEC 4p11 Probe is designed to hybridize in close proximity of centromere 4 at 4p11 harboring the ZAR1 (zygote arrest 1) gene. For an unambiguous enumeration of chromosome 4 the SPEC 4p11 is found to be more suitable.
The ZytoLight ® SPEC 13q12 Probe is designed to hybridize in close proximity of centromere 13 at 13q12.11. Since chromosomes 13 and 21 share the same repetitive sequences, they cannot be differentiated by probes detecting centromere specific repeats.
The SPEC 18q21 Probe, included in the ZytoLight ® SPEC 18/CEN X/Y Triple Color Probe, is specific for NEDD4L (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4-like, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase) gene region in 18q21.31-q21.32.
The ZytoLight ® SPEC 21q22 Probe hybridizes to the so-called Down Syndrome Critical Region on 21q22.13-q22.2 commonly duplicated in cases with partial trisomy 21. Since chromosomes 13 and 21 share the same repetitive sequences, they cannot be differentiated by probes detecting centromere specific repeats.
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